A group of scuba divers from the Russian city of Kazan (500 miles east of Moscow) are planning to perform a deep-water dive of over 100 meters in the Barents Sea in northwest Russia. It promises to be the deepest plunge ever north of the Arctic Circle. The divers’ mission will involve testing new breathing equipment produced in Russia, examining the impact of deep water on the human body and collecting data on local marine organisms. The water temperature on site is approximately 0°C (32° F).
Among those joining the expedition will be Božana Ostojić, a member of the World Underwater Federation Council and a former associate of the late groundbreaking French explorer Jacques Cousteau. Ostojić has been tasked with officially confirming the international record.
The new underwater equipment to be tested by the divers was developed by the Russian holding company Termodinamika, a subsidiary of the Rostec state corporation. It can be used at temperatures as low as -4°C (24.8°F). The equipment was previously tested at a lab at depths up to 300 meters with a water temperature of about -2°C (28.4°F), and on the surface with air temperatures of -19.5°C (-3.1°F). Now it must be tested in a natural environment to detect and eliminate possible defects.
The crew consists of experienced
divers that have already explored the coldest waters of Earth, including those
of Antarctica. “Cold water diving involves additional risks like temperature,
unexpected currents, darkness in deep water, large animals, as well as the lack
of necessary data,” says Alexander Gubin, an expedition member.
Examining sea animals to evaluate
stress levels
During the plunge, the divers
will collect data on the species inhabiting coastal waters. No scientists
examining the site have previously gone deeper than 20 meters. Previously in
order to gather data, researchers preferred other methods, such as using boats with
special nets to collect benthic organisms, small animals and plants living on
the seabed. However, scuba divers can gather more accurate data on local sea
life.
During the plunge, the divers
will collect data on the species inhabiting coastal waters. Source: Press photo
Specimens obtained by the divers
will be handed over to Knipovich Polar Institute of Marine Fisheries and
Oceanography in the city of Murmansk. “They will help us to find out more about
the distribution of algae, mollusks, crustaceans and echinoderms – all the
things living on the seabed,” Konstantin Sokolov, head of the Institute’s
coastal research department, told RBTH. “The divers will take photos and pass
them on to us. They are not biologists, so they will only be able to make
simple observations, but even that will be immensely useful to us.”
Yet another task is examining the
physiological conditions of scuba divers in extreme depths. The high pressure
of deep-water environments puts a strain on even the most experienced scuba
divers. There is also the risk of so-called “nitrogen narcosis,” an alteration
in behavior caused by various gases when diving at great depths, which usually
manifests itself as panic or euphoria. Collecting scientific data will be one
of the tests to assess the divers’ psychological state and perception.
A spiritual plunge
Apart from the research, the
divers are also planning to install a memorial sign honoring dead sailors on
the bottom of the Barents Sea. There is a spiritual idea behind the expedition as
well. The divers will bring two relics: these will be the icon of Our Lady of Kazan, revered by the
Russian Orthodox Church, and a Surah (chapter) of the Qur’an, Islam’s holy
book. The two artifacts will serve as talismans of the expedition.
Additionally, the expedition
divers have been appointed as the ambassadors of the World Aquatics
Championships, which will be held in Kazan in 2015. They have been given a
capsule filled with water that had previously been in space. The capsule will
be brought to the bottom of the Barents Sea, and later will be used during the
opening ceremony of the Championships.
Dmitry Shiller. Antarctida. Source: Press photo
The record-setting dive will commence
a new project called “The Seas of Russia.” The divers’ goal is to set new records
in all the seas surrounding the country. The project team will also film a
series of documentaries and publish notes for researchers.
“We will be working without any support
from the mainland,” says expedition leader Dmitry Shiller. If the Barents Sea
dive is successful, the divers will attempt to set a record in the adjacent
White Sea in 2016.
